Roof Skylight Energy Calculator

U-factor annual heat loss: Q = U × A × 24 × HDD. Annual energy cost. SHGC solar gain estimate and net energy impact. ENERGY STAR compliance check for U-factor and SHGC.

Quick Estimate

Skylight Glazing Area (sq ft)?

U-Factor (BTU/hr·ft²·°F)?

SHGC (Solar Heat Gain Coefficient)?

Heating Degree Days (HDD)?

Energy Cost ($/kWh)?

Annual Heat Loss (BTU/yr)

1,008,000

Annual Heat Loss (kWh)295

Annual Heating Cost ($)38.41

Annual Solar Gain (BTU/yr)1,440,000

Performance Note

Net annual energy impact: 127 kWh net gain from solar. ENERGY STAR U-factor ≤ 0.45, SHGC varies by climate zone. Daylighting offsets may reduce lighting energy 50–75%.

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Need more accuracy?

Extended mode adds scenarios, charts, and detailed breakdowns

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How to Use the Roof Skylight Energy Calculator

Proper roof insulation pays for itself through reduced heating and cooling bills. The Roof Skylight Energy Calculator helps you find the right R-value for your climate zone and calculate exactly how much insulation you need.

Find your climate zone — the DOE map divides the US into zones 1–8.
Look up the recommended total attic R-value for your zone (R-30 to R-60 for most US homes).
Enter your attic floor area and current insulation depth/type.
The calculator tells you how much additional insulation to add.
Divide by coverage per bag (printed on the bag) to determine how many bags to buy.

Tip: Start with the Quick calculator for a fast estimate. Switch to Extended mode for scenario comparison and charts, or Professional mode for complete parameter control.

Formula & Methodology

The Roof Skylight Energy Calculator uses the following established formulas:

Total R-Value = Σ(R-value of each layer) Heat Loss (BTU/hr) = Area × ΔT / R-Total Annual Heat Loss (BTU) = Heat Loss × Hours per Heating Season Required Depth = Target R-Value / R-value per inch of material

R-value is additive: two R-19 batts stacked give R-38. Different materials have different R-values per inch.

Frequently Asked Questions

What R-value does my attic need?

The US DOE recommends R-38 to R-60 for attics in most climate zones. Zone 1 (hot climates like Miami) needs R-30, while Zone 7 (very cold like Fairbanks) needs R-60. Check EnergyStar.gov for your specific zone.

What is the best attic insulation type?

Blown-in cellulose and fiberglass are the most cost-effective for existing attics. Spray foam (closed-cell) offers the highest R-value per inch and also air-seals, but costs more. Batts work well in new construction with clear joist bays.

How much can I save by adding attic insulation?

The EPA estimates that proper air sealing and insulation saves an average of 15 % on total heating and cooling costs — about $200–$400 per year for a typical US home. Payback periods are often under 5 years.

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Sources & References

The formulas, code requirements, and reference data used in this calculator are sourced from the following authoritative organizations and publications. Local codes vary — always verify with your jurisdiction's building department.

International Residential Code (IRC) 2024 — Chapter 9: Roof Assemblies — ICC
NRCA Roofing Manual (Steep-Slope & Low-Slope) — National Roofing Contractors Association
Asphalt Shingle Installation Manual — ARMA (Asphalt Roofing Manufacturers Association)
IECC 2024 — Energy Efficiency Requirements — ICC
DOE Building America Solution Center — U.S. Department of Energy
ASHRAE 90.1 / 90.2 — Energy Standards — ASHRAE

Disclaimer: Calculator results are estimates intended for planning and educational purposes only. They do not replace professional engineering analysis, building permit review, or contractor estimates. Always consult a licensed roofing contractor or structural engineer for final specifications.